Barber&#39;s hair-clipper



V. DIORIO AND N. D. MANOILOVICH. BARBERS HAIR CLIPPER.

APPLICATION FILED- AUG.30. 1920. I 1,366,721 Patented Jan. 25,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

UNITED STATES OFFICE.

vrncnnzo'n'ronro, on NEW YORK, AND nronoLAs 1). MANOILOVICH, or ASTORIA, new "roan.

BARBERS HAIR-CLIPPER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 25, 1921;

Application filed August 30, 1920. Serial No. 406,967.

T 0 all w 7mm it maqz concern:

Be it known that we, VINonNZo DIoaro, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough and county of Bronx, city and State of New York, and llronoms D. Miinornoviorr, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Astoria, county of Queens, and State of New York, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Barbers Hair-Clippers, of which the following is a specification.

Our improvements relate to what are known as clippers used by barbers to trim hair. The devices at present in vogue are adapted only to cropping the hair off short and close to the skin, so that the scope of their use is very limited, being confined either to a close crop for the whole cranium, or more customarily for trimming oii the hair of the back of the neck and lower part of the head as in an ordinary hair cut, the transition from this short cut to the longer hair trim on top and sides of the head having heretofore been attained by the use of comb and shears, and requiring special skill as well as considerable time and patience in order to attain a graduated and uniform increase in length of hair from practically nothing to that desired. Hence if b chance or inadvertence the barber cuts the hair on one portion or side of the head or neck shorter than intended the rest of the back hair has to be again gone over and reduced in length to conform to the portion thus unintentionally reduced in length, so that much time and labor may be involved in' efl'ecting an accurate symmetrical trim.

The main object of our invention is to obviate this difficulty by automatically guiding the clipping mechanism away from the surface treated in such manner that a gradual uniform increase of distance is attained, resulting in a prescribed curvature of trim substantially as set forth in Letters Patent No. 1,233,202, issued to Vincenzo DIorio, July 10, 1917 ,-our improvements being designed to simplify, and render more positive in operation, the apparatus therein disclosed; and the present invention consisting in the specific construction and arrangement of parts described and claimed herein, the distinctive feature of which is the provision of hand-lever-actuated worm and segmental gear mechanism, whereby the bearing plate is positively and gradually spaced apart? from the shearing mechanism against the resistance of a retractile spring,which latter returns the bearing plate to normal position when the worm is out of mesh with the segmental gear, all as hereinaf er fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1, is a top view of our improved hair clipping device;

Fig. 2, is an elevation of the left side thereof, with the fixed handle broken off;

Fig. 3, is a rear elevation thereof, with the fixed handle broken away in part;

Fig. i, is a view of the under side of the device with the fixed handle partly broken off Fig. 5, is a perspective view of the auxiliary bearing plate; 7

Fig. 6, is a top'view of the worm bracket plate, ratchet, and latch mechanism;

Fig. 7, is a similar view of the rear portion of the worm bracket with the ratchet removed, and showing the latch and the eccentric bearing for the worm stem;

Fig. 8, is a sectional elevation taken upon plane of line S--8, Fig.6;

Fig. 9, is a sectional detail showing the retractile spring which controls the auxiliary bearing plate;

Fig. 10, is a view like unto Fig. 7, showing the eccentric bearing turned into the position in which the worm is out of .mesh with the segmental rack on the auxiliary bearing plate;

Fig. 11, is a view of the ratchet, detached;

Fig. 12, is an elevation of the worm, screw stem, etc. V

The hair clipping mechanism is essentially the same as heretofore, consisting of the base member B, secured rigidly to the spring socket b, which is formed integral with the fixed handle 5, the clipping blade 0, reciprocated by the hand lever o, and the cap piece 0 secured to the fulcrum stud 5 by the thumb nut b ,the hand lever 0', being actuated against the resistance of a spring in the socket b, in the usual manner.

A, is the auxiliary bearing plate, formed with rear lugs a, a, by means of which it is pivotally connected at a, to the rear of the base member B. Rigid upon the rear portion of the auxiliary bearing plate A, is a segmental rack a and one end of a retractile spring .8, is attached thereto, the other end of the spring bearing against the rear of the base member B, and thus tending constantly to hold said auxiliary bearfrom, is a bracket plate 1), formed near its rear extremity with a circular bearing (Z, for an eccentric ournal 6, on the swltch plate E, (see particularly Flg. 7) in which the worm is mounted, said worm 1V, being formed with an annular shoulder w, which rests against the under side of the eccentric switch plate E, as shown more particularly 111 Fig.

8. The stem of the worm W, adjacent to and above the annular shoulder 20', is formed to iit into the eccentrlc bearing e, of the journal 6, of the switch plate E; and'be- 'yond this bearing section 20 of the worm stem said stem is screw threaded for engagement with a thumb nut 'n. A ratchet wheel R, is positioned on the bracket arm D, and is coupled to rotate with the worm stem w, by means of a pin 3), extending through a perforation 10 in said stem, and into recesses r,-'r, formed for the purpose in'said ratchet wheel-R, (see Figs. 8 and ll) which is thus mountedconcentrically on the worm stem w. 2', is a washer interposed between the thumb nut n and the ratchet wheel 9".

v The eccentric journal switch plate E, is formed with an arm or extension 6 by means of which it may be partially rotated to throw the worm W, into or out of mesh with the segmental rack a on the auxiliary bearing plate A,-a quarter turn being sufficient for the purpose. Thus when the switch plate E, is in the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9, of the drawings, the worm W, will mesh with the segmental rack of, of the auxiliary bearing plate A,

whereas, when the switch plate E, is turned at right angles to such position, as in F ig. 10, the worm will be thrown out ofmesh with said segmental rack a and the retractile spring .9, will be free to act.

The eccentric journal switch plate E, is positively held in either of the positions named by means of a spring bolt 72,, adapted to engage with the one or the other of the 'mortises cl or (Z formed for the ur ose in V the rear semi-circular edge of the bracket plate D, as shown more particularly in Figs. 7 and 10. V

A spring pawl or detent (i mounted on the bracket arm D, engages with'the ratchet wheel R, as shown more particularly in Fig. 1, and prevents reverse rotation of the worm W, which latter is actuated by a spring pawl 00, pivotally mounted on a bracket c",

on the inner side of the hand lever 0, by which the clipping blade 0, is operated in the usual manner, as before stated. 7

When the worm W, is out of mesh'with the segmental rack a on the auxiliary bearing plate A, which is'when the eccentric journal switch plate E, is turned and locked in the position shown in Fig. 10 (and which may be designated as the normal position thereof) the clipping apparatus is adapted for ordinary use as heretofore. desired to trim the hair at the back of the head and neck in a progressive graduated manner asregards length, as hereinbefore set forth, the eccentric journal switch plate E, is turned and locked in the position shown When it is in the other figures of the drawings, thereby locking the worm l V, in mesh with the segmental rack (4 of the auxiliary bearing plate A. As a result of this last named interlocking of the parts, the rotation of the worm W, by the inward thrust of the hand lever c, acting through the spring pawl 09, and ratchet R, will cause the segmental rack (F, to gradually deflect and turn the auxiliary bearing plate A, on its axis a, against the l resistance of the retractile spring 8.

Hence, if, under these conditions, the auxiliary bearing plate A, is held against and passed up over the back of the neck and base of the skull, the gradual divergence of the forward portion of said auxiliary bearing plate A, away from the clipping blade 0, (indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2) will effect a graduation in length of hair trim from practically nothing to the maximum of length afforded by the arc of the segmental gear a At the termination of the upward passage of the clipping mechanism the spring bolt 70, is withdrawn from the notch a3, and the switch plate E, again turned into the position shown in Fig. 10, thereby throwing the Worm W, out of mesh with the segmental rack a and allowing the retractile spring 8, to return the auxiliary bearing plate A, to its normal position, at rest against the base member 13.

The above operation is repeated for each passage of the clipping mechanism over the head as long as graduation of trim is desired,-otherwise, the parts being locked in so called normal position and relation, as described as resulting from the positioning of the switch plate E, as shown in Fig. 10, the apparatus may be used for efiecting a close crop of uniform length of hair next to the skin, as made'by the ordinary barbers clippers now in use,-the scope of which latter is limited to the function of the cutting of hair adjacent to the roots thereof.

In this respect our improved device also differs from that set forth int'he aforesaid Letters Patent No. 1,233,202, the function of which is, solely, to effect a graduation of trim, whereas our present device is double functioned in thatit may be used alternately for both purposes,-i. 6., either for auniform short crop or for graduated trim, -thus dispensing with the necessity for two clippers of diiferent construction and operation, since our switch mechanism adapts our improved device for instantaneous use for either purpose,

All this may be accomplished without special skill on the part of the operator, because our apparatus is automatic in action, and involves no extra time or care in either functional use.

It may be noted in this connection that a distinctive feature of our present invention as compared with the structure disclosed in the prior patent referred to, is the hinging of the auxiliary bearing plate A, to the base member B, and the utilization of the motion of the clipper lever c, for effecting the recession of the bearing plate from the clipping blade.

lVhat we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. In hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate pivotally mounted on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack, and means for rotating said worm by the actuation of the clipper blade hand lever, for the purpose described.

2. In hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack, means for rotating said worm by the actuation of the clipper blade hand lever, means for moving said worm into or out of mesh with said segmental rack, and a retractile spring arranged to return said auxiliary bearing plate to normal position when the worm is out of mesh with said segmental rack, for the pur-,

pose described.

3. In hair trimming apparatus of the character desi nated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack, a ratchet wheel on the stem of said worm, and a spring pawl mounted on the clipper blade actuating hand lever and adapted to engage said ratchet wheel to rotate the worm, together with means for moving said worm into or out of mesh with said segmental rack, for the purpose described.

4:. In hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base memranged to return said auxiliary bearing plate to normal position when its segmental rack is out of mesh with said worm, tor the purpose described.

5. 111 hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack, means for rotating said worm by the actuation of the clipper blade hand lever, means for moving said worm into and out of mesh with said segmental rack, and means for locking said worm in and out of mesh with said segmental gear, for the purpose de scribed. I

6. In hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack and mounted on an eccentric journal switch plate, and means for partially rotating said eccentric journal switch plate to move said worm into and out of mesh with said segmental rack on the auxiliary bearing plate, for the purpose described.

7. In hair trimming apparatus of the character designated, in combination with the hair clipping mechanism, an auxiliary bearing plate fulcrumed on the base member and formed with a segmental rack, a worm engageable with said segmental rack and mounted on an eccentric journal switch plate,.and means for partially rotating said eccentric journal switch plate to move said worm into and out of mesh with said segmental rack on the auxiliary bearing plate, together with means for returning said auxiliary bearing plate to normal position when the worm is out of mesh with the segmental rack thereof, for the purpose de scribed.

VIN CENZO DIORIO. NICHOLAS D. MANOILOVICH.

\Vitnesses Gno. WM. MIATT, DOROTHY MIATT. 

